The House of CommonsBoard

Section I - This Constitution is the supreme law of Thaecia, and any law or government action inconsistent with the provisions of this Constitution is, to the extent of the inconsistency, of no force and effect.

Section II - Amendments to this Constitution may only be passed with a 2/3rds majority in each Chamber of Congress and the approval of the citizenry with a 3/5ths majority vote in a referendum.

Section I - All Thaecian Citizens are guaranteed the following rights without government interference;

1. The right to freedom of expression, opinion, and speech, insofar as this right is not exercised in a way that breaches NS rules;

2. The right to free association; this includes the right to form or join a political group or media organization;

3. The right to equal protection under the law;

4. The right to seek legal redress from government actions, including through votes of no confidence and the courts;

5. The right to stand for all offices elected by the whole citizenry;

6. The right to vote in elections and referendums unless they became a Citizen during the election or referendum they wish to vote in;

7. The right to be presumed innocent until proven guilty in a court of law;

8. The right to due process of law in all interactions with the government of Thaecia;

9. The right to representation in a court of law;

10. The right to a free, speedy, and fair trial;

11. The right to personal privacy;

12. The right to protection from ex post facto laws, bills of attainder, double jeopardy, and forced testimony against oneself.

Section II - The non-inclusion of a right on this list does not preclude its existence.

Section III - This Constitution guarantees the rights set out in it subject only to such reasonable limits prescribed by law as can be demonstrably justified in a free and democratic society.

Section I - The Government shall be composed of the President, the Prime Minister, and Cabinet Ministers, the latter of which shall be referred to as Ministers for the purposes of this Constitution.

Section II - The President shall serve as the Head of State of Thaecia, and shall serve outside of Parliament; they shall be charged with maintaining a democratic government open to all citizens.

• Sub-section I - The President shall have the power to sign or veto laws passed by Parliament, present interregional treaties to Parliament for ratification by a simple majority, and call for the early dissolution of Parliament.

• Sub-section II - A Presidential veto or early dissolution may be overridden by a motion approved by 2/3rds of Parliament.

• Sub-section III - There may be a Vice President serving at the pleasure of the President elected on a ticket with the President or confirmed through a simple majority vote in a referendum.

• Sub-section IV - If the position of President is vacant the Vice President shall become the President. A further line of succession may be provided for by law.

Section III - The Prime Minister shall serve as the Head of Government of Thaecia, and shall serve as a Member of Parliament; they shall be charged with the faithful execution of Thaecian law.

• Sub-section I - The Prime Minister shall have the power to govern the region domestically and interregionally, sign executive orders and motions, and to appoint officers of the government.

• Sub-section II - The Prime Minister shall serve as the Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces of Thaecia.

• Sub-section III - If the Prime Minister or any of their Ministers vacate their position as Member of Parliament, they shall also vacate their position as Prime Minister or Minister.

Section IV - The powers of the Prime Minister may be delegated to, whom the Prime Minister shall appoint at the commencement of their tenure, the Ministers of Domestic Affairs, Minister of Foreign Affairs, or Minister of Cultural Affairs; the Prime Minister may split these Ministries into further subdivisions as they see fit.

• Sub-section I - Citizens may be appointed to the position of Minister if they are Members of Parliament; further officers of the government and ministries are not required to sit in Parliament.

• Sub-section II - Officers of the government may be dismissed from their position by the Prime Minister; at the conclusion of a Parliamentary term, serving Ministers continue as Acting Ministers until they are reappointed or replaced by the Prime Minister.

Section V - If the President, Prime Minister, and a 2/3rds majority of Ministers agree, the President may ban a Citizen posing a significant risk to the sovereignty of Thaecia; any bans made under this section are subject to immediate judicial review to determine the legality of the decision.

Section VI - There shall be an elected World Assembly Delegate of Thaecia, who must be the citizen with the most Endorsements in Thaecia; should a nation surpass the legal World Assembly Delegate in Endorsements, the Delegate may choose to eject them from the region for the period of one WA Update of the region of Thaecia in order to allow the Delegate to retain power.

• Sub-section I - The World Assembly Delegate shall serve until removal by Parliament or Challenge, or resignation. The Delegate may be challenged by any citizen of Thaecia.

• Sub-section II - Upon election, the World Assembly Delegate shall be provided with a two month term; during this term, the amount of signatures required to challenge the Delegate is equivalent to 1/3rd of voters in the previous Presidential election, or 15, whichever is greater.

• Sub-section III - Outside of the Delegate's the two month term, the amount of signatures required to challenge the Delegate is equivalent to 1/5th of voters in the previous Presidential election, or 8, whichever is fewer.

• Sub-section IV - The Delegate may choose to accept or decline a challenge. If the challenge is declined, the challenger shall become Delegate, or if there are multiple challengers, an election between them for the Delegacy shall begin. If the challenge is accepted, an election between the Delegate and their challenger(s) shall begin.

Section I - The legislative branch of Thaecia shall be known as Parliament which shall consist of the House of Commons, and it shall have the power to create laws for the peace, order, and good government of Thaecia; it shall consist of members known as Members of Parliament.

• Sub-section I - At the commencement of each Parliamentary term and in case of vacancy, the House shall by simple majority vote to elect one member to serve as Prime Minister. Further procedures for the Prime Minister's election may be provided for by law.

Section II - The House of Commons shall consist of at least nine members.

• Sub-section I - The size of the House may be otherwise expanded or reduced via a motion approved by 3/5ths of Parliament and a simple majority of the citizenry in a referendum.

Section III - The Prime Minister shall, for the House's tenure, appoint a citizen to lead the House's business as the Speaker.

• Sub-section I - The Speaker shall have the power to set the docket for the House, manage debate, call and administer votes, and maintain decorum; they may delegate this authority to other citizens at their discretion with the approval of the Prime Minister.

• Sub-section II - If at least 1/3rd of the seated members of the House sponsor a motion of no confidence against the Speaker, or if the Speaker puts one to vote, all business shall be stopped and the Electoral Commissioner shall preside over debate and voting on the motion.

• Sub-section III - If the motion of no confidence passes with simple majority support, the Speaker shall be immediately removed.

• Sub-section IV - If a motion of no confidence vote fails, for the next 15 days at least 1/2 of the seated members must sponsor a motion of no confidence in order for the motion to be considered.

Section IV - In order for a bill to become law, it needs to have passed the House with a simple majority vote and attain the signature of the President.

• Sub-section I - If the President has neither signed nor vetoed a bill within seven days of being notified of it having passed the House of Commons, the bill shall become law.

• Sub-section II - In order for a treaty to be ratified, it must be presented to the House by the President and be ratified by the House with a simple majority vote.

Section V - In order for any vote to pass, at least half of members must have voted.

• Sub-section I - Only aye, nay, abstain, and votes for Prime Ministerial candidates, shall count as votes for the purposes of this section; equivalent alternatives to these voting options may be provided for by law.

Section VI - A simple majority shall be defined as there being more ayes than nays, or in the case of Prime Ministerial elections, having more than half of the votes cast. A 2/3rds majority shall be defined as at least 2/3rds of the aye or nay votes cast being aye.

Section VII - Parliament may, by law, provide further rules and regulations on its functioning.

Section I - The judicial branch of government shall be led by the High Court of Thaecia, composed of three Associate Justices.

• Sub-section I - The three Justices shall elect one of themselves to serve as the Chief Justice of Thaecia.

• Sub-section II - If a Justice is unable to hear a case for any reason, including conflict of interest, or being unavailable, a Deputy Justice shall be chosen by the remaining Justices to hear the case in their stead.

Section II - Other courts may be established by law to serve in the judicial branch of government, but the High Court of Thaecia shall remain the court of final appeal and its rulings shall be binding to all other courts.

Section III - The President shall nominate Associate Justices and as many as six Deputy Justices of the High Court and Judges of all lower courts; nominated Citizens require confirmation by a simple majority vote in the House of Commons in order to serve as Associate Justice.

• Sub-section I - If a Deputy Justice has been removed from office by Parliamentary vote, they may not take office without Parliamentary consent for either 30 days or the remaining duration of the Parliament that removed them, whichever is greater.

Section IV - Justices shall serve for 180 days before they must be reconfirmed by the House of Commons. Deputy Justices shall serve for 180 days before they must be reappointed by the President;

• Sub-section I - During the reconfirmation process the Justice maintains their position;

• Sub-section II - The reconfirmation hearing follows the same process set out in Section III, and the hearing must occur immediately after current business has concluded;

• Sub-section III - The President may choose to veto any Justice reconfirmation at any time during the process, vacating the Justice's office once their term has expired.

• Sub-section IV - If a Justice's reconfirmation fails, they will vacate their office once their term has expired.

Section V - Any Justice may choose to decline reconfirmation in the four weeks before the expiry of their term. During this period a successor may be nominated and confirmed, when the Justice's term expires their successor takes their seat;

• Sub-section I - A Justice may also choose to decline reconfirmation during the process, aborting their own reconfirmation and allowing a successor to be confirmed.

Section VI - During the first 18 days of any Justice's term ending and whilst there is no successor confirmed or the incumbent reconfirmed, the incumbent Justice shall retain their seat.

Section VII - If a successor is not confirmed or the incumbent Justice is not reconfirmed after 18 days of the incumbent Justice's term ending, the incumbent Justice shall vacate office.

Section VIII - Any court established by law may hear criminal cases and legal reviews.

• Sub-section I - Only the High Court may hear legal reviews involving Constitutional questions and cases on appeal from lower courts.

Section IX - Any court established by law may, at their discretion, accept or reject a case application by majority vote.

• Sub-section I - If a court rejects a case application it shall provide a public reasoning explaining the court's decision as soon as practicable.

Section X - In any case heard, a judgement shall be reached by majority vote and delivered as soon as possible.

• Sub-section I - Any dissenting judgements, if delivering them alongside the majority judgement would be impractical or lead to unreasonable delay, may be delivered separately.

Section I - The people may, by a petition signed by a number of Citizens totalling at least 10, initiate recall on the President or Vice President, or totalling at least 12 on a Member of Parliament.

• Sub-section I - If a qualifying petition naming any recallable officeholder is presented to the Electoral Commissioner in a period other than within 14 days of a regularly scheduled election for their office, the Electoral Commissioner shall start a recall referendum for the named positions as soon as possible with two options, one for the individual being removed from office and one against.

• Sub-section II - If a majority votes for removal the officeholder shall be removed from office immediately and if applicable a snap election shall occur; if the vote retains the officeholder they shall be exempt from recall petitions for 21 days.

• Sub-section III - A recalled individual may not run for the position from which they were recalled in the snap election triggered by their recall; if multiple elections for the same position they were recalled from are occurring at the same time as the snap election triggered by their recall, they may not run in any of them.

• Sub-section IV - If a qualifying petition naming the Vice President is presented to the Electoral Commissioner, the Electoral Commissioner shall start a referendum on whether or not the individual should continue to hold office, if a simple majority votes against the individual continuing to hold office, they shall be immediately removed; if the vote retains the officeholder they shall be exempt from recall petitions for 21 days.

• Sub-section V - If a recall petition is presented within 14 days of a regularly scheduled election for that position, no snap election or recall referendum shall be held.

Section II - Parliament may, by a motion passed with a 2/3rds majority, remove the World Assembly Delegate, President, Vice President, a Justice, a Deputy Justice, or the Electoral Commissioner from their office for a specified cause.

• Sub-section I - A motion of removal shall be debated and voted upon if at least 1/3rd of the seated members of the House sponsor a motion of removal against one or more eligible officeholders or if the Speaker chooses to do so.

• Sub-section II - If a motion of removal vote fails, for the next 14 days at least 2/3rds of the seated members of the House must sponsor a motion of removal against the same officeholder in order for the motion to be considered.

Section I - To be granted legal status as a Citizen, a resident of Thaecia must be in the World Assembly.

• Sub-section I - The requirement to be in the World Assembly shall be waived if the resident can prove to the Prime Minister or any Minister that their World Assembly nation resides elsewhere and they have a non-WA puppet in Thaecia.

• Sub-section II - The requirement to have a World Assembly nation in Thaecia may also be waived by the Prime Minister or their designee if the nation is enrolled in any legally constituted Thaecian military.

Section II - No individual may have more than one nation holding Citizenship.

• Sub-section I - If the Prime Minister, the Chief Justice, and a 2/3rds majority of Ministers agree; the Prime Minister may revoke an individual's Citizenship if the individual has multiple nations holding Citizenship; any revocations made under this sub-section are subject to immediate judicial review to determine the legality of the decision.

Section III - Citizenship is a requirement for holding the offices of World Assembly Delegate, President, Vice President, Prime Minister, Minister, Member of Parliament, Chief or Associate Justice, Deputy Justice, and Electoral Commissioner.

Section IV - An individual who is in any capacity prohibited from accessing the region of Thaecia will not be permitted to hold citizenship on their banned nation or any puppet nations. Any such nations must be removed from the region for the duration of their prohibition.

Section I - Elections among the whole citizenry shall be held for the House of Commons, the President, and the World Assembly Delegate during a challenge.

• Sub-section I - The term of any elected office shall end when a successor is duly elected and inaugurated in a scheduled election.

Section II - Scheduled elections for the House of Commons and President shall be held approximately every four months.

Section III - Elections for the World Assembly Delegate and the President shall use the instant-runoff voting system, and elections for the House of Commons shall use the single transferable vote system.

Section IV - Should an elected office become vacant and without a legal successor for reasons other than expiration of term, a snap election shall be held to fill the vacant seat for the remainder of its regular term.

• Sub-section I - Snap elections shall be held once a month for any applicable vacant positions at the halfway point of each month.

• Sub-section II - Offices established by this Constitution may be vacated through expiration of term, a removal procedure established by this Constitution, or resignation.

• Sub-section III - If a vacancy arises after the final snap-election day before a scheduled election for the vacant position, a snap election shall not be held.

Section V - The Electoral Commission, led by an Electoral Commissioner appointed by the President and confirmed by a simple majority vote in the House of Commons, shall be given the task of organising elections and referendums as called for by this Constitution and the laws of Thaecia.

• Sub-section I - Additional regulations for the Electoral Commission and election procedure may be established by law.

Section I - The contents of this Constitution shall enter into force immediately and in full once it has been passed by the required measures; the contents of this Article shall, excluding Section I, III and IV, once entered into legal force, be struck from the Constitution immediately, and serve only to establish legal provisions; Section I shall be struck immediately once the conditions to strike III and IV are both met.

Section II - The following individuals who were in office before the passage of this Constitution shall remain in their office,

1. World Assembly Delegate, beginning an immediate new two-month-term

2. Vice Delegate

3. Electoral Commissioner

Section III - The incumbent World Assembly Delegate shall serve as Acting President until the first Presidential election; after this election, this section shall be struck from the Constitution immediately.

Section IV - The incumbent Leader of the Convention which created this Constitution shall serve as Acting Prime Minister until the first Prime Ministerial election in Parliament; after this election, this section shall be struck from the Constitution immediately.

Section V - The House of Commons shall be established to consist of eleven seats.

Section VI - Any individuals who were legally banned or otherwise proscribed (henceforth banned) from Thaecia under the provisions of the interim Convention Constitution, or of the Fourth Constitution and predecessors, or under the law of the region under the Fourth Constitution and predecessors, shall remain to be banned from Thaecia upon the passage of this Constitution.