The Renovatae Chartae

Article I:
National Rights, Trials, and Laws

Section I:
Each and every citizen of the UMNS will be guaranteed the following inalienable rights:

1. Complete Freedom of Expression when not defaming another person, or discriminating against them based on race, sex, sexual orientation, or mental health issues, using slurs, or breaking the site's rules.

2. The Right to a fair trial, which includes:

   1. The Right to know charges.

   2. The Right to present evidence.

   3. The Right to defend oneself.

   4. The Right to question evidence.

   5. The Right to public trial unless classified information is involved.
      

3. The Right to vote.

4. The Right to run in elections.

5. The Right to fair punishments.
   

The above rights may never be taken away unless they are found guilty during trial, but limited to the rights necessary to enforce the sentence. Those rights are to be returned upon the completion of the sentence unless it specifically states otherwise.

A citizen of the UMNS is defined as a non-alt nation that has been residing within The UMNS for at least two months, or has spawned in the region. A nation which does not meet these conditions may be granted special citizenship by a 2/3 majority Senate vote. The two-month requirement for citizenship may be overridden so long as a nation had already spent 6 consecutive months within the region, and were only absent for 2 weeks or less.

An alt-nation or alternate account is defined as an account with the owner as someone's main account.

Section II:
The UMNS affirms that it has the following rights in relation to the wider NationStates community.

1. The UMNS maintains that it is a fully sovereign region that has no authority higher than itself, an exception being the NationStates TOS.

2. The UMNS is a fully separate government from the UMNS on Scratch, and is neither colony, nor owner of the UMNS on scratch
   

Section III:
The UMNS declares that the following actions are illegal, and will result in a punishment.

1. Treason against the UMNS which is defined as one or several accounts of the following:

   1. Assisting or attempting a raid or coup attempt against the region.

   2. Deliberate transfer of power to hostile outside influence.

   3. Attempting to incapacitate or destroy the region or government.

   4. Deliberately sharing classified information with a hostile region.
      

2. Discrimination based on race, sex, sexual orientation, or mental health issues.

3. Use of alternate accounts to vote.
   

Section IV:
The creation of new laws within the UMNS requires the laws to be drafted by either a Senator, Iuvenator or the Delegate. When a law is created it requires a 2/3 majority of the Senate as well as 1/6 of the Iuvenate to pass. A law may be repealed using the same process.

Section V:
Should a citizen of the UMNS break a law, or otherwise violate the constitution, they are to have a trial before a jury composing of the Senate and Iuvenate of the UMNS, with the Minister of Justice as the judge of the trial. If a nation in the jury is themselves on trial, they will be removed from the jury and will not be replaced. If the Minister of Justice is on trial, the Minister of Internal Affairs will replace them. The trial must last at least two days in order to maximize jury participation and ensure that all procedures are followed.

A nation will be defined as guilty or innocent by a 2/3 majority of the voting jury, with the judge deciding the punishment based on precedents set by prior trials, and the severity of the crime committed. Each member of the jury will vote guilty, innocent, or abstain, and if neither innocent nor guilty has a 2/3 majority within the jury, the case may be extended up to a week until the case is thrown out.

Abstentions do not count towards the 2/3 majority threshold.

At least half the jury must not abstain for a guilty or innocent verdict to be achieved.

A convicted citizen may appeal if within one week new evidence has surfaced or significant errors in the proceedings have occurred.

Article II:
Governmental Positions within the UMNS

Section I:
The Delegate of the UMNS is the honored head of state of the UMNS government and is elected every 90 days, and after the end of their term is granted the title Delegatus Emeritus and not allowed to run again for the delegacy for 3 terms unless given a special exemption by the UMNS Senate, which will in effect make it as if the Delegate has fully completed their 3 term bar from the delegacy. Should the Delegate be impeached, or resign, the line of succession is as follows:

1. Minister of State

2. Minister of Internal Affairs

3. Minister of Foreign Affairs

4. Minister of Justice

5. Senator with the most WA Endorsements.
   

Should the Delegate be absent or unable to serve as Delegate for a week or more, than the nation next in line to the succession will become the Acting Delegate, exercising all of the powers of the office until the Delegate has returned, or the office becomes vacant. The Delegate may be determined absent by the Senate with a simple majority, or the Delegate themselves.

Any nation who gains the delegacy by succeeding an impeached Delegate or a Delegate who has resigned will only serve for the remainder of the former Delegate's term. They will be exempted from the 3-term bar as long as they served less than 45 days of the delegacy, as is a Delegate who resigns with more than 45 days left in their term.

The Delegate is also granted the title of Senatum Consul, allowing them to break 4-4 Senate ties. The title of Senatum Consul is bound to whoever the current Delegate is.

The Delegate also has the power to declare a state of emergency within the UMNS if and only if a raid, coup, a major governmental disruption, or an immediate security threat is present, granting them the power to unilaterally pass emergency resolutions for the duration of the emergency, as long as they do not pertain to the length of the emergency itself, do not alter elections, do not remove constitutional rights, do not alter succession, do not alter the impeachment process and do not alter the constitution itself. The Senate must review the emergency within 48 hours and if 2/3 of the voting Senate agree that there is no emergency the emergency will be ended. This requires at least 6 Senators. Should the Senate not vote to end the emergency during the 48 hours, the emergency will automatically continue until 10 days after the Delegate declared it, with each additional 10 days requiring 2/3 of the Senate to vote to continue the emergency. This again requires at least 6 Senators. After an emergency ends, all legislation passed is to be repealed, unless the Senate votes by 2/3 majority to keep it afterwards.

The Delegate has free use over all permissions.

The Delegate is elected using Delegate RCURCV, as defined in Article III, Section I 10 days before the end of the previous Delegate's term. Once the previous Delegate has completed their term they will be inaugurated.

Section II:
The Senate of the UMNS is defined as the upper house of the UMNS congress, complementing the Iuvenate. The UMNS Senate is to be composed of exactly eight Senators who serve for life unless they resign, or are otherwise removed from office.

Senators can be removed involuntarily if 2/3 of the Senate excluding themselves vote to impeach them, or a petition numbering no less than 24 verified non-alt signatories who have been neither bribed, nor coerced in any manner has been presented to the Delegate of the UMNS, at which point the entirety of the Senate is to be reexamined.

The impeachment process of a Senator may begin when either the Minister of Internal Affairs, Minister of State, Delegate, or Minister of Justice presents evidence that a Senator has commited treason or otherwise abused the powers granted to them by holding the office of Senator.

In the event of an unfilled Senate seat, the Senate will vote on confirming the Iuvenatum Consul as Senator, requiring a simple majority of the remaining Senate. If the Iuvenatum Consul is confirmed a Senator, then they will become a regular Senator. If there is more than one vacancy, or the Iuvenatum Consul is passed over, other members of the Iuvenate can be considered.

If the Senate is unable to fill all vacancies in the number of weeks equal to the amount of vacancies, then the Delegate is allowed to fill the vacancy by either appointing someone or holding an election. If the Delegate is appointing someone to the Senate they may only use a member of the Iuvenate. If the Delegate chooses an election it will use the SSE, as defined by Article III, Section III.

No sitting Senator may be appointed to fill another Senate seat.

Each and every Senator of the UMNS is to be represented in the UMNS list of officers and given all available permissions, with only Appearance, Communications, and Polls authorities able to be freely used, unless their ministerial position grants them the ability to use the other permissions of Border Control and/or Embassies freely, or there is a threat to regional security. If these permissions are used unconstitutionally, they may be put on trial.

The Senate will also be the voting body on an impeachment of the Delegate of the UMNS if the Minister of State, Minister of Internal Affairs, 3 Senators, or 4 Iuvenators have called forth a vote on the matter. Should 2/3 of the UMNS Senate vote in favor of impeachment, the Delegate will be impeached and become a Delegatus Turpus.

The Senate may also vote via simple voting majority to grant a Delegatus Emeritus an exemption from the 3-term bar from the delegacy.

The Inaugural Senate is to be composed of the Senators prior to the passage of the Renovatae Chartae.

Section III:
The Iuvenate of the UMNS is defined as the lower house of the UMNS congress, complementing the Senate, and replacing its predecessor, the Emergency Council as defined in the Novae Chartae. The UMNS Iuvenate is to be comprised of exactly 6 Iuvenators, no more and no less, with 2 being appointed by the Delegate within the first 10 days of their term, and the other 4 to serve terms 180 days in length, elected every two Delegate terms, ten days after the Delegate is inaugurated. Any citizen of the UMNS is free to run for the Iuvenate as long as they are not an alt, or already hold a different Iuvenator seat.

The Delegate may only appoint UMNS citizens to the Iuvenate, may not appoint themselves to the Iuvenate, and may not appoint the same person to both of the appointed Iuvenate seats.

Every 90 days the Iuvenate will elect one of their own to be Iuvenatum Consul, who will be law be required to be represented in the UMNS list of Officers, and be given the permissions of Appearance, Communications, and Polls authorities, each of which will be available for free use.

Each Iuvenator will be elected using Iuvenate FPTP as defined in Article III, Section II.

A Iuvenator may be impeached by jury only, or 3/4 of the Senate, given evidence from the Minister of Internal Affairs.

In the event of a vacant Iuvenate seat, the Delegate may appoint a new Iuvenator to serve the remainder of the term.

Section IV:
Constitutional Ministries of the UMNS are the following:

Minister of State:
The UMNS Minister of State is the designated Vice-Delegate of the UMNS, and is given free-use over Border Control, and Embassies. The Minister of State is also one of three roles that are illegal for the Delegate of the UMNS to change outside of the Minister of States resignation, or other removal from office such as corruption.

Minister of Internal Affairs:
The Minister of Internal Affairs has the job of maintaining security within the UMNS as well as ridding the region of corruption. If the Senate votes with a 2/3 majority that the Minister of Internal Affairs acted corruptly, they will be relieved of their position as well go on trial. The Minister of Internal Affairs will have free use of Border Control, so long as the a 2/3 majority of the Senate doesn't find that a nation they ejected was wrongfully ejected. The Minister of Internal Affairs is the second of three roles that are illegal for the Delegate of the UMNS to change outside of their resignation.

Minister of Foreign Affairs:
The Minister of Foreign Affairs has the job of maintaining Interregional Relations as well as embassies, and is in charge of interregional diplomacy. The Minister of Foreign Affairs has free use over Embassies and has permission to draft interregional treaties so long as a simple majority of voting Senators approve of the treaty. The Minister of Foreign Affairs is the only Minister with the ability to write and draft treaties. Others may make suggestions to the treaties, but only the Minister of Foreign Affairs has permission to write them. The Minister of Foreign Affairs is the third and final Minister that it is illegal for the Delegate of the UMNS to change outside of their resignation or removal from office.

Minister of Justice:
The Minister of Justice is to be the designated judge of all trials, unless they are on trial or are determined to have a bias or conflict of interest by either themselves, or 2/3 of the Senate, in which case that responsibility falls to the Minister of Internal Affairs. They have no additional powers with the exception of Border Control in the event of a guilty verdict that they deem requires an ejection. The Minister of Justice can be replaced by the Delegate, however the Senate can vote with a simple majority to veto the action.

The above ministries are to be held only by Senators and may not be given to a non-Senator and may not be abolished except by constitutional amendment. Similarly, the list of constitutional ministries may only be expanded via constitutional amendment. Each Constitutional Minister is forbidden from holding another constitutional ministry concurrently.

Section V:
The Cabinet Ministries of the UMNS are the following:

Minister of Information:
The Minister of Information is to run an official weekly news factbook. They are required to post a news factbook every week unless they have notified the Senate as to why they were unable to, and if the Senate votes by simple majority that this was not a valid excuse, they will be fired from their job as Minister of Information.

Minister of Archives:
The Minister of Archives will maintain a record of important acts such as all constitutions, passed legislation, elections, major events, failed legislation, and active and non-active treaties through the UMNS Government Archives, which they are to run.

Minister of Community:
The Minister of Community will focus on community engagement, and hosting regional events. The Minister of Community is also to write the welcome telegram to the UMNS.

Minister of Intraregional Diplomacy:
The Minister of Intraregional Diplomacy is to run the official map of the UMNS as well as create the rules of Nation RP. They also are required keep the map as up to date and accurate as possible. As they run the map and activities in relation to the map, their nation on the map is forbidden from growing, shrinking, or interacting with other nations within the RP.

The above ministries may be reassigned by the Delegate at any time. The Delegate may also establish new ministries, or abolish old ones via a ministerial order. This action can be vetoed by a 2/3 majority of Senators. One person may have multiple cabinet ministries, and a Constitutional Minister may hold Cabinet Ministries as well as their Constitutional Ministries. Only Senators and Iuvenators may hold a cabinet ministry.

Section VI:
The post-Delegate roles of the UMNS government are the following.

Delegatus Emeritus:
After a Delegate has completed a term as Delegate of the UMNS, they will gain the honorary title of Delegatus Emeritus. All Delegati Emeriti are to be listed in the WFE Entry, or a dispatch.

Delegatus Turpus:
A former Delegate may receive the designation of Delegatus Turpus if they are either impeached by the Senate, or if they resign and the Senate uses the standard method for impeaching the Delegate and the motion succeeds less than 10 days after their resignation. The disgraced Delegate will become a Delegatus Turpus for 360 days, during which they will be barred from holding office, and removed from any office they do hold, including the Senate. This title can only revoked prematurely if the Senate votes unanimously to remove the designation. Delegati Turpi will be listed in a dispatch. After their title is lifted they will not receive the title of Delegatus Emeritus.

Article III:
Elections

Section I:
Delegate RCURCV starts in the first round, where the people of the UMNS vote as usual, selecting their preferred candidate. Round One is to last two days.

If a round ends with no candidate holding the majority of the vote, the candidate with the least votes is removed from the ballot, and voting then moves on to the next round. In the event of a tie for last, all candidates that tie are to be eliminated, unless eliminating all of those candidates means that one or less candidates will remain on the ballot, in which case they will all remain on the ballot.

Each round is to function the same as in Round One, with the change that it will last one day, rather than two.

The process repeats itself until it has gone on for a number n+2 rounds, with n representing the number of candidates in round one, or someone has one more than 50% of the vote. In the case of the latter they will become the new Delegate of the UMNS. In the case of the former, in the final round the candidate with the plurality of votes wins and becomes the next Delegate. If in the final there is a tie for first, the Senate will convene to decide which of the tying candidates is to become the next Delegate by simple majority of votes.

Section II:
Iuvenate FPTP will be comprised of one round lasting 3 days, after which the top four candidates will be elected. If there is a tie, all the candidate above fourth place will be guaranteed a seat, and if the tie means more than four winners, the Senate will choose which candidates to elect to the Iuvenate.

Section III:
SSE (Senate Special Elections) will have each vacancy have its own separate election.
It starts in the first round, where the people of the UMNS vote as usual, selecting their preferred candidate. Round One is to last two days.

If a round ends with no candidate holding the majority of the vote, the candidate with the least votes is removed from the ballot, and voting then moves on to the next round. In the event of a tie for last, all candidates that tie are to be eliminated, unless eliminating all of those candidates means that one or less candidates will remain on the ballot, in which case they will all remain on the ballot.

Each round is to function the same as in Round One, with the change that it will last one day, rather than two.

The process repeats itself until it has gone on for a number n+2 rounds, with n representing the number of candidates in round one, or someone has one more than 50% of the vote. In the case of the latter they will become a Senator. In the case of the former, in the final round the candidate with the plurality of votes wins and becomes a Senator. If in the final there is a tie for first, the remaining Senate will convene to decide which of the tying candidates is to become a Senator by simple majority of votes.

Article IV:
Embassies, Alliances, Annexations, and Affiliate Regions

Section I:
The UMNS is to be open to constructing embassies with any region so long as they are neither far-right nor far-left and they have more than 3 nations within them. Embassies are to be withdrawn if a region if they no longer meet those requirements, unless that region is an Affiliate Region, or an ally.

Section II:
The UMNS may construct an alliance with another region via a special bilateral treaty, requiring 2/3 Senate ratification. In order to establish an alliance, the other region must have embassies with the UMNS, and have at least 25 nations in it. An alliance means that the UMNS and the allied region agree to defend each other in the event of a raid.

Section III:
A region with strong connections to the UMNS may become an Affiliate Region via treaty which will make the citizens of Affiliate Regions honorary citizens of the UMNS, granting them the same rights as citizens, with the exception of running for office and voting, and in return UMNS citizens will be granted the same rights as citizens of the Affiliate Region, with at most the same restrictions. An Affiliate Region must have embassies with the UMNS. An affiliate region must also agree to follow one type of UMNS policy. If UMNS citizens are allowed to vote on that policy or type of policy their citizens will be granted the right to vote on that specific policy. An affiliate region is a type of Alliance. Citizens of an affiliate region are not entitled to honorary citizenship if they are an alternate account.

Section IV:
The UMNS may not be annexed by another region without 95% of UMNS voters voting in favor of annexation as well as unanimous Senate and Iuvenate support, and support of the Delegate. Such an annexation must grant members of the UMNS full and equal rights within the region.

The UMNS may not annex another region unless 2/3 of the Senate and a simple majority of the Iuvenate as well as 60% of the UMNS vote for annexation, and the region to be annexed by the UMNS agrees to the annexation.

Article V:
Amendments and the Constitution

Section I:
An amendment to the Renovatae Chartae may be suggested by either the Delegate, a Senator, a Iuvenator, or a petition signed by 10% of the region.

For an amendment to pass it requires a 2/3 majority of the Senate, a majority of the voting Iuvenate, and 40% of voting citizens. Once an amendment has passed these requirements it is to become part of the Renovatae Chartae. The voting period is to last exactly 7 days.

Before an amendment is voted on it requires review by the Minister of Justice in order to make sure that the amendment is well written, does not contradict itself, and is constitutional. This review period is to last up to 3 days. If the Minister of Justice is unavailable the author of the constitution is to provide the judgement. If both are absent the duty falls upon the Minister of State. An explanation as to why an amendment is ineligible to be passed must be produced by the reviewer. This judgment may be overturned by a 2/3 majority of the Senate, and a simple majority of the Iuvenate.

It is unconstitutional for an amendment to remove the inalienable rights of the citizens of the region, make the region of governorship, make the office of Senator an elected office, prevent the majority of the Iuvenate from being elected, change the process for repealing the Renovatae Chartae, or remove items from this list of unconstitutional changes. Other things may be found to be unconstitutional by the Minister of Justice, however those judgements are not to be considered part of this list and thus may be repealed by 2/3 Senate majority vote.

Section II:
The Renovatae Chartae may be repealed by a unanimous vote by the Senate, the Iuvenate, and the Delegate in favor as well as 80% of voting citizens. This period of voting must take place over at least two weeks, and only if a new constitution has already been drafted.

Section III:
The Renovatae Chartae is to be the supreme law of the land within the UMNS superseding any law, statute, or referendum within the UMNS up to the point of contradiction. It is the job of the Minister of Justice to decide and find laws that violate the constitution and to what extent. This judgment can be overturned by a 2/3 Senate majority.

Section IV:
Upon the ratification of the Renovatae Chartae, it will officially supersede the Novae Chartae immediately.

All Amendments:

Passed Amendments:
Amendments at Vote:
Proposed Amendments: